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Padang City relies heavily on community-based waste banks (Bank Sampah) as decentralized units for waste segregation, recycling, and household engagement. These waste banks play a critical role by promoting waste segregation at source; providing economic incentives for households; acting as intermediaries between communities and recyclers. However...

Bhutan faces mounting pressure on its municipal solid waste (MSW) management systems. Its capital city, Thimphu, generates approximately 50 tonnes of MSW per day, of which roughly 30 tonnes per day is organic (wet) waste that is currently deposited at the Memelakha landfill — an ageing open-dumpsite already well beyond its intended lifespan. At the...

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has become one of the most important regions in the global climate debate because it combines rapid economic growth, rising energy demand, and high climate vulnerability. This regional context has become more urgent after the outcome of the first Global Stocktake (GST 1) adopted at CMA.5 in 2023...

Flood-dominated floodplains are undergoing rapid land-use and land-cover (LULC) change, with consequences for exposure, ecosystem condition, and local development planning. This study examines historical LULC change, transition intensity, trend-consistent land-use scenarios, and event-based flood exposure in Bongaigaon District, located in the...

Microplastic pollution in tropical urban rivers has become an increasing environmental concern due to rapid urbanization, inadequate waste management, and hydrological transport processes. This study investigated the occurrence, characteristics, and spatiotemporal distribution of microplastics in the Can Tho River, Vietnam, along an urban– peri...

There is a growing momentum regarding the necessity of youth engagement in environmental processes. A recent milestone is the resolution adopted at the 7th United Nations Environmental Assembly (UNEA-7) in December 2025, titled “Resolution on enhancing the meaningful participation of youth in Environmental Processes and on environmental education...

With more than 2.2 billion urban residents, cities in Asia and the Pacific are well placed to drive the urban transitions needed to accelerate progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (ESCAP, 2025b). Their large and growing urban population gives them significant influence, but the real strength of cities is in their role as delivery...

The triple planetary crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution threaten not only the global environment but the global economy. International agreements, such as the Paris Agreement and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF), increasingly call for decision makers to recognize this crisis’ interrelated causes and...

Just as nature is the foundation of life on Earth, biodiversity provides the essential ‘ecosystem services’ required to sustain that foundation (e.g. food, water, medicines, fuel, water and climate regulation, pollination, aesthetic value, recreation, spirituality, education). Yet, globally that foundation is weakening as at least a million animal...

In 2015, the international community agreed on 17 potentially transformative Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Shortly thereafter, the Paris Agreement was adopted at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC COP21), signalling a shared commitment to strengthening global responses to...