In this paper we pointed out a hidden inequality in accounting for trade-related emissions in the presence of border carbon adjustment. Under a domestic carbon pricing policy, producers pay for the carbon costs in exchange for the right to emit. Under border carbon adjustment, however, the exporting country pays for the carbon costs of their...
For effective and practical implementation of border carbon adjustment, it is crucial to determine the carbon content of imports/exports. In this paper we discussed two criteria. One is direct carbon emissions, which accounts for direct emissions generated from production. The other is embodied emissions which accounts for the total emissions...
This proposal has been developed in response to the call by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) for stakeholders’ input to a compilation document to serve as the basis for preparation of the zero draft of the outcome document of the United Nations Conference for Sustainable Development (UNCSD: Rio+20). The views...
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