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Worldwide, scarce freshwater resources are increasingly being used to satisfy the demands of a rapidly increasing population and a growing global economy. One-third of the world’s river basins have reached their capacity for exploitation, and half of the global population is directly affected by water scarcity. Furthermore, the increasing rate of...

平成30年度林野庁委託事業「森林吸収源インベントリ情報整備事業（パリ協定の詳細ルール合意を見据えた技術的課題の分析・検討）」報告書

平成29年度林野庁委託事業：「クリーンウッド」利用推進事業のうち生産国における 現地情報の収集（熱帯地域） 報告書 対象国：ブラジル、エクアドル、ラオス、タイ、フィリピン

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) is a market-based mechanism aimed at sustaining the flow of such services. Through a PES scheme, beneficiaries or users of the ecosystem service(s) compensate the provider or manager of those services, directly or indirectly. The provider and beneficiaries agree on the terms and conditions of the PES and...

Groundwater is a de-facto source of water during drought and emergencies. In a broader perspective, the traditional short-term strategy of using groundwater to combat water deficits during drought needs revisiting. The objective of this paper is to examine the relevance and options for developing and adopting such groundwater-based natural...

Under the theme of ‘Healthy Planet, Healthy People,’ the sixth Global Environment Outlook (GEO-6) is an integrated assessment which considers various scientific perspectives and inputs from across the world in a holistic manner. The assessment urges the world’s decision makers and all citizens to apply the principles of sustainable development to...

Kumamoto is a rare case of fully functional PES for over 13 years; Willingness between buyers and sellers is one of the basic conditions for establishing PES. However, willingness are always not sufficient condition for groundwater recharge, which are difficult to quantify and verify; Role of intermediary institutions such as local agriculture...

ILBM is an approach for achieving sustainable management of lakes and reservoirs through gradual, continuous and holistic improvement of basin governance, including sustained efforts for integration of institutional responsibilities, policy directions, stakeholder participation, scientific and traditional knowledge, technological possibilities, and...

The Tonle Sap Lake (TSL) is among the most productive freshwater ecosystems, and one of the most fish- abundant lakes in the world. It is connected with the Mekong River by Tonle Sap River. The TSL absorbs a huge volume of water, which helps to reduce flooding in the Mekong River floodplains during the peak flooding season, then releases water into...

This policy brief suggests six priorities for developed and emerging economies represented by G20 countries to mainstream circular economy and society globally, as follows: 1) need to capture the momentum raised by public attention on marine plastic pollution; 2) raise the level of ambition of Extended Producer Responsibility; 3) provide policy...