Inadequate national implementation efforts, particularly policies and budgets, could be an important reason why the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are off track. Identification and assessment of policies and budgets should be a major focus of the SDG follow-up and review process, especially the Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs), to strengthen...
This chapter explores a decent climate policy in Japan against the background of the unfortunate current situation resulting from Japan’s unwise climate and energy policies to date. Japan experienced serious industrial pollution during its period of rapid economic growth from the 1960s onward, as exemplified by Minamata disease and Yokkaichi air...
How has sustainable transport been discussed in the international community? First, let’s take an overview of the history of the SDGs. In June 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the “Earth Summit,” was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Earth Summit was a conference aimed at obtaining concrete...
In this study, we developed a logistic regression modeling approach to analyze the relationship between utility-scale solar power plant (SPP) locations and flood hazards. Based on the standardized coefficients of the model, we compared this relationship with the relationship between SPP presence/absence and other typical spatial determinants like...
This chapter examines the financial sustainability and relevant mechanisms of the Shiretoko marine protected area (MPA), part of the Natural World Heritage Site in Hokkaido, Japan, designated in 2005. Given the loss of marine biodiversity globally and the renewed commitment to the conservation of biodiversity under the Kunming-Montreal Global...
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have 169 targets specifying more specific objectives or actions. Each SDG has at least three targets and includes both thematic targets and targets on means of implementation. For instance, SDG 12 on responsible consumption and production aims to substantially reduce waste generation through prevention...
Voluntary National Reviews are a core element of the follow-up and review process for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as mandated by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (para. 79). These reports are the basis for the annual review in the High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development. Every year, about 30 to 40 countries...