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The Air Pollution Control Law of Japan was revised in 2004 to introduce a policy-mix to reduce emissions of VOCs from stationary sources. The policy-mix resulted in a successful achievement of emission reduction target by the fiscal year 2010, while significant gap remain in terms of ambient concentration of photochemical oxidants from the ex-ante...

Rapid urbanisation has led to a host of environmental and social issues in Asia, with increased energy consumption being the most alarming. Effective low carbon development policies aimed at rational land use, energy efficiency, and improved public transport and an emphasis on renewable energy sources are the need of the hour. Such efforts are...

Voluntary approaches to industry-wide pollution prevention programs have been implemented by many industrialised countries, as a part of policy trend away from a ‘command and control’ policy approach. The Japanese government established in 2004 a scheme based on a mix of regulatory and voluntary approaches to reduce emissions of volatile organic...