Driving the Transformations

Achieving internationally agreed environmental, social and economic goals requires whole-of-government and whole-of-society approaches (established but incomplete). These approaches can transform interconnected economic and financial, energy, food systems, materials/waste and environmental systems. Such a transformation, in turn, requires identifying and implementing solutions that leverage synergies, such as nature-based solutions, while limiting tradeoffs, such as job losses, across systems. These approaches also necessitate putting circular economy principles into practice; changing entrenched values and behaviours; accounting for diverse worldviews and knowledge systems; committing to just and equitable principles; facilitating co-production in scenario modelling; and strengthening capacities to manage increasingly ambitious multidimensional changes {21.5}.