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Criticisms raised against the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) have placed the development of alternative market mechanisms on the official agenda of international climate change negotiations for the past few years. The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM), initiated by the Japanese government, intends to offer a simpler and more flexible crediting...

The National REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation-Plus) Strategy in Indonesia highlights the importance of local participation and the reform of land tenure in the success of forest conservation. National parks are a main target area for REDD+. National parks in Indonesia have been suffering from forest destruction...

The issue of geographic equity has been one of the greatest concerns throughout the history of the CDM. To encourage wider implementation of the CDM or a reformed CDM and new market-based mechanisms in the future, it is necessary to identify the barriers that hinder implementation of CDM projects in underrepresented countries. This paper...

本研究は、地方自治体における国際環境協力の実施に影響を及ぼす要因を明確にすることを目的とする。とりわけ、政治的要因、行政余力などの行政的要因および地域間の波及要因が環境協力の実施や関連予算額の決定に対して影響を与えるのか、計量分析により検討する。計量分析の結果、革新知事、職員数に占める環境関連職員の割合や地域間の波及要因が環境協力実施に影響を及ぼすこと、また、職員数に占める環境関連職員の割合が、環境協力予算額の決定に影響を及ぼすことが確認された。

Hotta contributed as a lead author for Section 2.6: Waste of the Report.

1990年頃より北欧を中心に欧州に拡大した炭素税やエコロジー税制改革（炭素税等）に続き、日本においても、2012年より温暖化対策税としてすでに炭素税が導入されることになった。しかし、欧州の先進事例においては、日本と異なり、価格シグナルとして機能しうるほど税率が高く、かつ二重の配当を意図して税収中立とされていることが多い。このような炭素税等のあり方は、日本のNDCや長期目標達成に寄与すべく、現行の温暖化対策税の将来像の一面を提示しているといえる。しかし、日本におけるこれまでの炭素税をめぐる議論を背景とすれば、欧州の先進事例のような炭素税等を日本において実行するのは容易ではなく、これはそのような導入国においても同様であり、反対派との激しい議論の末に導入が実行されたことが多いと考える。そこで、まず...

As human history is changing on many fronts, it is appropriate for us to understand the different perspectives of major global challenges, of which, water is a major priority. The water resources in urban areas are either approaching or exceeding the limits of sustainable use at alarming rates. Groundwater table depletion and increasing flood...

Intense agricultural and mining/industrial activities make groundwater quality vulnerable to contaminants. This study conducted in one of the mining areas of Panna district evaluated the factors influencing the groundwater hydrogeochemistry using water quality parameters and multi-isotopic approach considering the fact that groundwater is the only...

Decision support for impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability is expanding from science-driven linear methods to a wide range of methods drawing from many disciplines (robust evidence, high agreement). This chapter introduces new material from disciplines including behavioral science, ethics, and cultural and organizational theory, thus providing a...

This booklet provides an overview of the SDM, including its objectives and funding scheme, and summarises the overview of the projects newly selected in 2014.