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In the outcome document of the Global Stocktake conducted at COP28 in 2023 it was recognised that the global GHG emission pathway is not consistent with the Paris Agreement to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C, and that the opportunities to increase ambition and implement existing commitments are rapidly narrowing. It then...

This T20 Commentary, published on the T20 website, discusses the urgent need for the G20 countries to prioritise just and inclusive energy transition policies that ensure energy security, affordability, accessibility, resilience, market stability, and economic prosperity. Key recommendations: Broaden the security perspective: G20 countries should...

Single-use plastics (SUPs) are deeply embedded in everyday consumption in rapidly developing Asian cities, yet their widespread use contributes to marine debris, microplastic pollution, and health risks. This study aimed to inform evidence-based policymaking to mitigate marine plastic pollution in the ASEAN+3 region. Stratified random sampling...

This chapter explores the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus as an integrated framework vital for advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) amidst growing global challenges. It introduces the concept of the WEF nexus, which transcends traditional resource management by emphasizing the interconnections between water, energy, and food systems...

The buildings and construction sectors play a pivotal role in combating climate change. Globally, they account for 30% of the final energy consumption and 27% of total energy sector CO 2 emissions. Buildings currently consume up to 40% of the world’s total energy, and it is projected to increase to 50% by 2030. The world faces a significant...

Robust empirical assessments of the long-term cumulative global effects of free trade and economic globalization on the environment are limited. This account fills this gap by constructing a dynamic computable general equilibrium model to estimate the environmental effects of a milestone in the recent history of trade liberalization: China’s 20...

There is a general decline in biodiversity and the environment of coastal wetlands worldwide. Reasons for the decline obviously include overexploitation of wetland resources, climate change and industrialization, to mention but a few. This study used a purely qualitative approach using mainly focus group discussions (FDGs) in the framework of...

Climate science and national emissions reporting communities have historically used different definitions and methods for anthropogenic land-based carbon removals. As the mitigation agenda accelerates, reconciling these differences for comparability and moving towards integration is crucial for enhancing confidence in land-use emission estimates.