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To ensure that the objectives of the research are being achieved, activities in selected cities in the Philippines are to be monitored. At the core of this is the development of a Study on Low-Cost and Low-Tech Wastewater and Night Soil Management Systems in the Philippines. The main objective of the research study is to conduct an in-depth...

Human excreta and domestic wastewater are predominantly treated by primary onsite treatment systems in Thailand. Technically, accumulated fecal sludge and effluent from those primary treatment systems must be properly further treated. In response to the King’s concern on the unhygienic practices on nightsoil management, Nonthaburi municipality...

The problem of solid waste management has nowadays arisen into critical issues in some big cities of Indonesia. Whole responsibility for the waste services is mostly carried by its local governments (LGs). The mixed waste is collected at household level, transported and disposed to the dumping site. As the result, it is threaten the lifetime of...

Surabaya City, the regional capital and the second largest city in Indonesia with three million inhabitants, has successfully achieved 10% waste reduction in 3 years (200t/d waste reduction; 1,500-1,600t/d of waste in 2005 to 1,300t/d in 2007). The achievement was made through 1) distribution of 17,000 units of household compost baskets, 2) setting...