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Corporate motives and strategies of both investing and hosting country affect the outcomes of a CDM project-who introduces what technology to whom-and result in large differences in economic viability and the CO2 emission reductions. This is particularly true for steel industry in which steel making consists of many detailed and complex processes...

In mitigating climate change, the Kyoto Protocol requires Annex I countries to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In achieving their targets, the Kyoto Protocol allows the countries to use the Kyoto Mechanisms (KM), including emissions trading (ET), which is recognized as one of the most cost-effective ways. Prior to the official start of...

The huge amounts of municipal solid waste create enormous challenges for all Asian cities across the whole economic spectrum. The issues vary, as do the characteristics of their MSW. Waste management methods must be chosen carefully to suit local conditio

To ensure accountability of each research project, and to provide a mechanism of transparency to its stakeholders, IGES conducts Project Peer Review every three years, inviting a Peer Review Panel composed of three externally based experts. The PPR system was officially introduced from fiscal year 2004 after a test run Peer Review in February 2004...

The guidelines and recommendations for promoting local participation in forest management for Indonesia, Lao P.D.R. and Far East Russia, as the outcome of the second phase research (FY2001-FY2003) of the IGES Forest Conservation Project. This guidelines and recommendations consist of (i) village action guidelines (VAG) for villagers and other...