Economy-wide implications of sustainable consumption and production in a sufficiency approach

We showed the difficulty to realise sustainable living in terms of reduction of ecological footprint of final demand (EF_FD). In Japan, a high rate carbon tax effectively reduces carbon footprint of production (50% reduction from the base year), but EF_FD reduces much less (24.7% reduction by upstream carbon tax and 27.0% by midstream carbon tax).
Based on the base year, all countries/regions enjoy welfare improvement and GDP growth under Japanese carbon tax scenarios. However, there are significant economic impacts of Japanese policy on other countries welfare and economic performance. Negative impacts based on BAU are undesirable for developing countries.
We are trying to find effective policy intervention to reduce EF_FD. A preliminary attempt of carbon footprint tax indicates necessity to elaborate the model, in particular its utility function.