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Transitioning to the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) under the Paris Agreement (PA) from the current measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) arrangements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires developing countries to enhance their national reporting systems in a sustainable way. There are...

1. The ASEAN State of Climate Change Report (ASCCR) presented ASEAN’s mitigation goal: i) Achieve net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as early as possible in the latter half of the 21st century; and ii) Cap peak GHG emissions as soon as possible after 2030 to ensure the net-zero GHG emission goal is met on schedule. 2. However, the updated...

CONSERVATION, RESTORATION AND management of forest resources are critical for addressing climate change. Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are a vehicle for targeted climate actions, including those related to forest management, by countries towards contributing global efforts agreed under the Paris Agreement. Operationalizing climate...

The objective of this paper is to provide good practices as recommended solutions to address the three common challenges that developing countries often encounter when preparing national reporting (e.g., BURs, NCs). Countries aiming to strengthen their national reporting systems for transitioning to the enhanced transparency framework (ETF) can...

While the initial pieces of evidence indicate that COVID-19 induced economic slowdown and lockdown present short-term benefits to air quality and the environment, these also pose a double-edged challenge in the long-term. On one side, the slowing down of the economy can have an adverse impact on countries’ ongoing efforts towards climate mitigation...

　地域で創出された再生可能エネルギーを地域で消費する再生可能エネルギーの地産地消の担い手として、自治体が自ら事業に関与していく「地域電力小売事業」の取組は、近年の再生可能エネルギーや地域分散型エネルギーの導入拡大・電力小売事業の全面自由化などの流れを背景に、各地で拡大してきた。 　自治体が自ら事業に関与している「地域小売電気事業者」は全国で30を超えており、各地の地域特性や課題、事業環境を踏まえた事例が創出されている。反面、自治体が「地域電力小売事業」に取組むうえでの課題も見え始めている。また、今後競争が激しくなることが想定され、その中で事業者として付加価値がある提案を行うことが課題となっている。 　本書では、上記背景を踏まえて、自治体から出資を受けている新電力会社（地域新電力...

将来のCO2排出量は、経済規模、産業構造といった「社会的前提要素」 と、気候変動政策の対象となるエネルギー効率、エネルギーの供給構成などの「対策対象要素」によって左右される（図a参照）。本稿は、日本の国別緩和目標(NDC 1)に記載される2030年GHG削減目標（以下、NDC目標）におけるエネルギー起源CO2排出量（以下、CO2排出量）に着目し、社会的前提要素（実質GDP）及び対策対象要素（実質GDP当たりの最終エネルギー消費量、最終エネルギー消費当たりのCO2排出量）がどのような水準であるのか考察 することを目的に、各要素について、既往の統計や研究等による推定結果と比較した。さらに、個々の要素の変化に対しCO2排出量がどのように変化するか、定量分析（感度分析）及びLMDI法...

In response to the call for inputs to the third technical dialogue of the first Global Stocktake of the Paris Agreement, this submission intends to present an approach for non-state actors (NSAs) to engage with the implementation of the Global Stocktake (GST). It builds on the voices of NSAs collected through an initiative called “iGST Southeast...

This report is based on an IGES initiated research to assess embodied emissions in international trade, with a particular focus on Asian countries. Part I, conducted by the Economic Analysis Team of IGES, focuses on the assessment of emissions embodied in multilateral trade in Asian countries and different responsibility principles for the...

The 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change contains a mechanism, known as the Global Stocktake (GST), to collectively assess progress toward meeting its long-term goals for climate mitigation, adaptation and finance every five years. The outcomes of the GST then are to update their nationally determined contributions to the accord's goals based on...