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Given the effort to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, understanding the consumption patterns that facilitate and support changes is essential. In this context, household food consumption constitutes a large part of society’s environmental impacts due to the production and solid waste generation stages. Hence, we focus on applying the Life...

IGES Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) Database provides detailed information on the JCM methodologies, projects, and JCM feasibility studies to be utilized for research and development of JCM project. The JCM is being implemented under bilateral cooperation between Japan and 29 partner countries: Mongolia, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, Maldives, Viet...

Using “the sharing paradigm” as a guiding concept, this book demonstrates that “sharing” has much greater potential to make rural society resilient, sustainable and inclusive through enriching all four sharing dimensions: informal, mediated, communal and commercial sharing. The chapters are divided into two parts, one that focuses on case studies...

This report demonstrates that changes in consumption patterns and dominant lifestyles are a critical and integral part of the solutions package to addressing climate change. The report fills a gap in the existing research by establishing global targets for lifestyle carbon footprints, examining current consumption patterns and their impacts on...

From 1971 to 2010, world trade grew fast by 10% per year on average (World Trade Organization 2011). The rapid growth of international trade contributes not only national economic growth but also increasing environmental pressures, such as raw material extraction and depletion, carbon emissions, water resource deterioration and landscape change and...

"Compact city" in this policy option refers to land planning focusing on higher density and better accessibility which reduces automobile dependency. "Smart growth" is a general term for land use practices that create more accessible land use patterns which reduce the amount of travel needed to reach goods and services (Litman, 2003a). Experiences...

Strategy: Development of environmentally sustainable transport systems in urban areas Environmental areas: Climate change, Air pollution, Urban environment Critical instruments: Design, planning and management, Economic instruments, Organisational arrangements, Technologies Participants: city government; research and urban planning institute (IPPUC...

（Japanese title: 熱帯林違法伐採の検知（JJ-FAST）） This submission provides our input for the first Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement. Our input focuses on a satellite-based deforestation monitoring system for tropical forests, “JICA-JAXA Forest Early Warning System in the Tropics (JJ-FAST)”. Summary of the submission: A satellite-based deforestation...

近年、木材輸入国において、違法伐採対策が法制度化され実施されている。違法伐採対策法の導入の目的は、その国における違法伐採木材製品の輸入、流通を減少させることである。法律の導入からその目的が達成されるまでには、規制対象である木材輸入事業者 が①自身の行うビジネスが法律の対象であることを認識し、②法律の要求を理解し、③法律を遵守することで、最終的に、④輸入先の変更などの行動変化を起こすというプロセス がある。そして、この目的を達成するためには、政府の法律の執行や運用が重要である。本稿では、ドイツとオーストラリアにおける、政府による違法伐採対策法の運用 状況を報告する。ドイツは、規制対象事業者の検査に重点を置き、EU諸国のうち最も積極的で厳しい法の運用を行っている。一方...

This commentary summarises the key findings and implications of the study on Lifestyle Carbon Footprints: Long-term targets and case studies of the carbon footprints of household consumption. This study introduces and develops an approach to establishing lifestyle carbon footprints: greenhouse gases directly emitted during and indirectly induced by...