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地球規模で進む気候変動は、気象の激甚化、そして洪水や干ばつなどの自然災害を世界各地で引き起こし、新たな人道危機を生み出している。すでに社会基盤が脆弱化している紛争下の人々にとって、気候変動はリスクを増幅させる要因にもなっている。気候変動の負の影響が人類の発展や国際政治・経済の安定を阻むこの気候危機とも呼ばれる状況は、「気候安全保障」という視点から捉えることができる。人間の安全保障を掲げて開発援助に注力する日本にとって、気候危機下の人道支援の現状を分析・評価することは、今後の外交政策を展望する上で必須の課題だと言えるだろう。 気候安全保障は「日本国内に直接生じる安全保障リスク」と「日本国外で生じる安全保障リスクから波及して生じる日本の安全保障リスク」の２つに分類できる。本稿では...

Key messages There is a need for a broader and holistic effort to address a host of environmental issues and challenges faced by the Tonle Sap Lake (TSL). In order to realize a sustainable and resilient TSL and its basin, this policy guide suggests three resilience enhancement measures: i) Ecohydrological resilience enhancement measures, ii) Land...

This report assesses all the positive potential benefits digitalization brings to sustainable development for all. It also highlights the potential negative impacts and challenges going forward, particularly for those impacted by the ‘digital divide’ that excludes primarily people left behind during the Industrial Revolution like the billion that...

Climate change impacts on natural and human systems are increasing. Often affecting fragile economic, social and political systems, climate change is considered to be a serious ‘threat multiplier’. In this document, the risks on these existing systems are understood as climate fragility risks (CFRs). Considering CFRs in the development sector is...

The non-economic loss and damages (NELDs) caused by climate-related disasters have not been often considered in most disaster risk assessments and not been reported in most post-disaster reports and databases to the extent they deserve the attention; despite these losses could constitute major proportion of the total loss and damages (L&Ds) of any...

This report is an outcome of the research carried out in the second year of the APN-funded project on Assessing Community Risk Insurance Initiatives and Identifying Enabling Policy and Institutional Factors for Maximizing Climate Change adaptation and disaster risk reduction benefits from risk insurance. The report presents case studies from...

The Paris Agreement calls for an acceleration of support to developing countries to develop their national adaptation plans (NAPs) and integrate climate change adaptation into development policies. Eleven out of 14 surveyed countries already have their own NAPs or equivalent, and NAP preparation is underway in the remaining three countries. However...

Financial inclusion, which aims to provide appropriate financial services to disadvantaged and economically marginalised segments of society, contributes to both sustainable development and climate change adaptation. The creation of enabling regulatory frameworks, guidelines and supportive infrastructure by governments is key to the further...

The focus of disaster risk reduction has changed from response-based approaches to pre-disaster preparedness, mitigation and risk reduction approaches over the course of the last 25 years. However, the progress of this transition in focus has been slowed by a narrow perspective on risk reduction, which is yet to be fully mainstreamed into climate...

Water and energy are two fundamental elements for achieving sustainable development in South Asia, a region facing many challenges of achieving the sustainable development goals under resource constraints. Water and energy are inherently inter‐dependent which requires a nexus perspective to address their synergy. However, sectoral approaches have...