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The key challenges in waste management facing rapidly developing economies are the consideration of increasing resource consumption and waste generation, as well as the establishment of a ‘‘sound material cycle society’’. The latter refers to the concept of promoting a social change in which the consumption of natural resources is minimised and the...

This GHG calculation tool is translated from the English version II to ease of use by local government in Thailand. The products include the GHG calculation tool based on Excel and a user manual that explains fundamental information of and how to use the IGES GHG calculation tool. Remarks: English and Khmer version are available.

Research on short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) has been based more on air pollution and energy models than how existing policies affect the model’s recommended actions. This article analyses how Thailand’s policies influenced attempts to control a critical source of SLCPs: open burning. In 2012, Thailand’s Pollution Control Department (PCD) led...

This product includes GHG calculation tool and user manual in Khmer. Remarks: English and Thai version are available.

Informal recycling of electronics in the developing world has emerged as a new global environmental concern. The primary approach to address this problem has been command-and-control policies that ban informal recycling and international trade in electronic scrap. These bans are difficult to enforce and also have negative effects by reducing reuse...

Landfilling is the most common and cost-effective waste disposal method, and it is widely applied throughout the world. In developing countries in Asia there is currently a trend towards constructing sanitary landfills with gas recovery systems, not only as a solution to the waste problem and the associated local environmental pollution, but also...

The basic qualitative indicator Hazardous Waste refers to the existence of regulations controlling hazardous waste. The presence of regulations themselves should also promote environmentally sound management of hazardous waste. Amounts and rates of generation of hazardous waste are the main quantitative indicators. To assess a country’s hazardous...

Global sales of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) have been rising significantly over the last few years. The rapid uptake of information technology around the world, coupled with frequent design and technology updates in the EEE manufacturing sector is causing the early obsolescence of many of these EEEs, resulting in a rise in electrical...

The EPR indicator refers to the existence or strengthening of policies on recycling and waste management targeting specific end-of-life products or waste streams, and involves producers in recycling or waste management activities. Such policies make producers and importers physically and financially responsible for used product take-back...

Public awareness of appropriate solid waste management practices (3Rs; Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) is the starting point for and fundamental ingredient of a sound material-cycle and resource-efficient society. Public awareness forms the basis of public capacity, which enables the public to undertake actual actions of each element of the 3Rs. Such...