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This study delves into the patterns of urban expansion in Kabul, using Landsat and Sentinel satellite imagery as primary tools for analysis. We classified land use and land cover (LULC) into five distinct categories: water bodies, vegetation, barren land, barren rocky terrain, and buildings. The necessary data processing and analysis was conducted...

Japan is a member of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), known for its contributions to the computational modelling of acid rain and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In line with the Ministry of the Environment's contribution to IIASA from 2011, IGES has assumed the secretariat of the national...

Under the Paris Agreement, which was adopted in 2015, Los Angeles has been strongly motivated to be a global leader by creating an achievable climate action plan and sustainable solutions. To meet its goals, the city has developed L.A.’ s Green New Deal, which is an expanded version of the first Sustainable City pLAn developed in 2015. This Green...

Home to roughly 1.8 billion people, South Asia generates approximately 334 million tonnes of waste per year of which 174 million tonnes (57%) is organic in content. In addition to the increase in municipal solid waste, managing complex and emerging waste streams, including e-waste, food waste, construction and demolition waste, disaster waste...