Publications

Commentary on reporting options under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement. In this paper, we provided a summary of reporting options and its evaluation for the three information items which are required in the initial report and regular information under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement: 1) Timing of submission of the initial report; 2)...

This guidebook describes the process related to the JCM methodology from development to approval of the methodologies used in the Japan Crediting Mechanism (JCM), as well as the components of the JCM methodologies. This guidebook is designed as an introductory guide for the companies who are considering applying for JCM projects and for other...

Mitigation pathways by Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) describe future emissions that keep global warming below specific temperature limits and are compared with countries’ collective greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction pledges. This is needed to assess mitigation progress and inform emission targets under the Paris Agreement. Currently...

National, regional and global CO 2 emissions and removals from forests were estimated for the period 1990–2020 using as input the country reports of the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020. The new Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates, based on a simple carbon stock change approach, update published...

The COVID-19 pandemic has had various impacts on our living conditions. and lifestyles. The restrictions, lockdowns, and changes in behaviour patterns that emerge also present an opportunity to reassess both the sustainability of status quo living and the new conditions arising from the chain reaction of COVID-induced changes. In particular, the...

This open access book is a compilation of case studies that provide useful knowledge and lessons that derive from on-the-ground activities and contribute to policy recommendations, focusing on the relevance of social-ecological production landscapes and seascapes (SEPLS) to “transformative change.” The concept of “transformative change” has been...

Plastic is ubiquitous: we use it for life-saving medical devices, clothing, toys and cosmetics; we use it in agriculture and industry. But we also know the growing risk of plastic waste in the environment, landfills and the oceans. For example, the amount of plastic that some fulmars accumulate in their stomachs during their lives is equivalent to...

This paper explores key elements of an extension approach for enhancing the sustainability and realizing the scaling-up of tree growing by smallholder farmers in rural remote areas where extension services seldom reach and access to external markets is difficult. By referring to the case in Madagascar, the paper discusses that creating a certain...

Under the era of Paris Agreement and SDGs, agenda for sustainability has shifted from regulation to designing fundamental changes in socio-technical system towards decarbonized and circular society. This shift would largely depend on taking advantage of emerging forces in socio-technical system. This includes new business models, drivers of wealth...

This presentation explains the basic elements of President Biden's climate policies, and comments on the level of their ambition as well as their political feasibility.