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Current status and future potential of the multi-pollutant approach to air pollution control in Japan, China, and South Korea

From 1971 to 2010, world trade grew fast by 10% per year on average (World Trade Organization 2011). The rapid growth of international trade contributes not only national economic growth but also increasing environmental pressures, such as raw material extraction and depletion, carbon emissions, water resource deterioration and landscape change and...

The Kyoto Protocol required only developed countries to reduce their emissions but did not require developing countries to do so, and this created an asymmetric condition for developed and developing countries to implement domestic climate policies. Implementing a domestic climate policy in developed countries, such as an emission trading system or...

Informal recycling of electronics in the developing world has emerged as a new global environmental concern. The primary approach to address this problem has been command-and-control policies that ban informal recycling and international trade in electronic scrap. These bans are difficult to enforce and also have negative effects by reducing reuse...

For effective and practical implementation of border carbon adjustment, it is crucial to determine the carbon content of imports/exports. In this paper we discussed two criteria. One is direct carbon emissions, which accounts for direct emissions generated from production. The other is embodied emissions which accounts for the total emissions...

At the sixteenth Conference of the Parties (COP16) for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), countries agreed to limit the global mean temperature increase to below two degree Celsius compared to before industrialization. This decision was made together with an agreement to periodically review the adequacy of the long...

Abstract At the sixteenth Conference of the Parties (COP16) for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), countries agreed to limit the global mean temperature increase to below two degree Celsius compared to before industrialization. This decision was made together with an agreement to periodically review the adequacy of...

At the sixteenth Conference of Parties (COP16) for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), countries agreed to limit the global mean temperature increase to below two degree Celsius. This agreement was made together with an agreement to periodically review the adequacy of the long-term goal and the progress towards...