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The Convention on Wetlands, or Ramsar Convention, is a multilateral environmental agreement (MEA) that focuses on “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world”. Among the various meetings convened by...

Calls to leverage “synergies” to accelerate progress on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have increased sharply over the past decade. This rising interest stems from the belief that synergies can lower costs and build support for integrated solutions to planetary crises. Policymakers have nonetheless been slow to incorporate synergies in...

Many policymaking processes have promoted a just transition to limit job losses from stronger climate policies over the past five years. However, concerns over how governments allocate resources to help fossil fuel workers transition to new jobs and a recent rise in opposition to decarbonisation has weakened support for the concept. This paper...

While the world is not on track to achieve the SDGs, some countries have performed better than others. However, several “high performing” countries have made progress on the SDGs by exporting negative social and environmental externalities as “spillovers” to other countries. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is intended to be a global...

Understanding how climate variability and anthropogenic activities reshape ecosystems is essential for sustainable development in environmentally sensitive regions. This study analyses land use changes and vegetation trends in western Jharkhand, India, using multi-source satellite data from 2000 to 2020. The findings reveal that agricultural land...