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Grassland degradation poses a serious threat to biodiversity, ecosystem services, and human well-being. In this study, we investigated grassland degradation in Zhaosu County, China, between 2001 and 2020, and analyzed the impacts of climate change and human activities using the Miami model. The actual net primary productivity (ANPP) obtained with...

Many second Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on Plastic Pollution (INC-2) delegates indicated that the scope of the treaty should include plastic alternatives and substitutes. However, there are no internationally agreed definitions of plastic alternatives nor plastic substitutes. Sound definitions will support fully informed treaty...

Focusing on four major ASEAN member states, including Indonesia, Viet Nam, Thailand and the Philippines, this paper reviews the current status, and identifies the gaps and prospects for achieving a high penetration of renewables for energy transition in ASEAN. These four countries have been leading renewable policies in this region and have...

The objective of this paper is to provide good practices as recommended solutions to address the three common challenges that developing countries often encounter when preparing national reporting (e.g., BURs, NCs). Countries aiming to strengthen their national reporting systems for transitioning to the enhanced transparency framework (ETF) can...

The purpose of this guide is to introduce the concept of landscape and seascape approaches (henceforth, “landscape approaches” for ease of reading), and how they can be applied to national biodiversity strategy and planning. Although it is written from the point of view of biodiversity conservation, it is aimed at all the many sectors that affect...