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This report presents the results of the technical expert review of the first biennial transparency report of Finland, conducted by a technical expert review team in accordance with the modalities, procedures and guidelines for the transparency framework for action and support referred to in Article 13 of the Paris Agreement. The review took place...

This presentation examines how climate security can be systematically integrated into national adaptation planning to enhance both human and national security outcomes. Drawing on a review of 67 National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) submitted to the UNFCCC, the study identifies significant gaps in how countries conceptualize and operationalize security...

At Osaka Expo 2025, as part of Sustainability Week (October 5–13, 2025) at the Italy Pavilion, the Lombardy Region – DG for Environment and Climate – in collaboration with the Lombardy Green Chemistry Association, presents a workshop and an exhibition on circular economy, bioeconomy, AI for sustainability, agri-food innovation, and urban...

National adaptation plans (NAPs) in general and in Asia in particular often focus primarily on domestic climate risks, but the increasing significance of transboundary climate impacts calls for a broader, interconnected perspective. For example, disruptions in agricultural production in food-exporting countries, such as India, caused by climate...

As of September 2025, only 54 NDCs with the target year of 2035 have been submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), showing the slow progress of climate commitments from both developed and developing countries. This means that the 30 th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP30), to be held in November...

This file serves as a comprehensive supporting dataset for Chapter 3 ( Scaling Cooperation: Bilateral Agreements and the Article 6.4 Mechanism) and Chapter 4 ( The Role of Independent Carbon Standards to Support Article 6 Implementation) of the Paris Agreement Article 6 Implementation Status Report (2025 Edition) by cataloguing projects...

This paper extracts and presents the section on Japan’s initiatives from the IDDRI's report based on detailed analyses of national-level climate actions conducted by DDP experts across 21 countries.

This chapter examines the financial sustainability and relevant mechanisms of the Shiretoko marine protected area (MPA), part of the Natural World Heritage Site in Hokkaido, Japan, designated in 2005. Given the loss of marine biodiversity globally and the renewed commitment to the conservation of biodiversity under the Kunming-Montreal Global...

Achieving the 2030 Agenda requires comprehensive follow-up and review across all levels of government. Although local governments play a critical role in implementing the sustainable development goals (SDGs), their current follow-up and review architecture — conceived from a global perspective and tailored to national reporting — ignores local...