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This paper critically reassesses the dominant narrative that insufficient adaptation finance is the primary obstacle to climate change adaptation in developing countries. Through a comprehensive review of UNEP's 2023 Adaptation Gap Report (AGR2023), which has played a pivotal role in shaping this narrative, the paper uncovers serious methodological...

IGES Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) Database provides detailed information on the JCM methodologies, projects, and JCM feasibility studies to be utilized for research and development of JCM project. The JCM is being implemented under bilateral cooperation between Japan and 29 partner countries: Mongolia, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, Maldives, Viet...

The Mutual Learning Program for Enhanced Transparency (MLP) is for pairs of countries and organisations to learn and practice reporting exercises, namely developing common tabular formats (CTFs) 1, 2 and 5. The output of the MLP can be used as the basis for actual reporting of Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs). The MLP is for those who directly...

The year 2023 marked a concerning milestone in climate history with the global average temperature being 1.45 ± 0.12°C above the pre-industrial average. The Global Stocktake at COP28 showed that the projected temperature rise is expected to be between 2.1 - 2.8°C even if nationally determined contributions (NDCs) of all countries are fully achieved...

The training modules entitled: "Decentralised Wastewater Management in ASEAN: Training Modules for the Realisation of SDG 6," developed by the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) in collaboration with the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), provides a comprehensive guide to equip water and sanitation professionals, policymakers...

This template is for the Mutual Learning Program for Enhanced Transparency (MLP) exercises. It is for practicing reporting of the information necessary to track progress made in implementing and achieving Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC). The MLP exercsies aim to enhnace the understanding of reporting for the preperation of the Biennial...

This template is for the Mutual Learning Program for Enhanced Transparency (MLP) exercises. It is for practicing reporting assumptions and methodologies for estimating GHG emission reductions of mitigation actions, policies and measures for implementing and achieving a Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). The MLP exercsies aim to enhnace the...

This submission outlines our experiences and lessons learned in relation to conducting the first GST, providing following six key refinements for the second GST from the perspective of enhancing the impact of non-Party stakeholders’ engagement: Mechanism to encourage submissions Effective use of submissions Format of technical dialogues...

Transitioning to the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) under the Paris Agreement (PA) from the current measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) arrangements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) requires developing countries to enhance their national reporting systems in a sustainable way. There are...