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Nation-states founded in Europe during the eighteenth century formed their own economies, political institutions, and societies. Although the interdependence between states deepened through trade, in the twentieth century these states still basically functioned as distinct economic, political, and social units. In the latter half of twentieth...

Pleasant weather and beautiful scenery refresh us, polluted air and water cause us concern about ecosystems and human health, and global environmental disasters threaten us on a larger scale. Yet it seems difficult for people in industrialized countries to realize how much they owe to the environment, while people in developing countries are often...

This, the second Issue of IRES, offers papers from a diverse group of authors who contributed their insights on a broad range of topics. The issue begins with an essay by Dean James Gustave Speth, Dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, on the role of the United States in an increasingly globalized world. Prof. Dr. Peter...

This paper presents a case study of drought risk assessment and management in Svay Rieng province of Cambodia. Drought is a creeping disaster and has debilitating impacts on rural livelihoods and socio-economic conditions. Interviews with local communities, government administration, and non-governmental agencies indicated the lack of livelihood...

This is a series of briefing notes summarising results from multi-stakeholder consultations on the post-2012 climate regime held in 2008. The brief note series present recommendations for the future climate regime on issuing considered important to the Asian Pacific Region, including sectoral approaches, adaptation, financial mechanisms, biofuels...

Environmental education is one of the most effective strategies for increasing general levels of public environmental awareness, developing skills for solving environmental problems, and maintaining and improving quality of life and the environment. The word “Environmental Education” originates from the founding meeting of IUCN (International Union...

The increasing volume of CO2 embodiment in international trade adds a layer of complexity to environmental policies and has raised arguments on the traditional production based responsibility for CO2 emissions. In order to help understand the quantity of CO2 embodiment in trade and its policy implications, this paper gives observations to recently...

In order to help understand the environmental disclosure mechanism from the corporate perspective, this paper identifies the determinant factors affecting the disclosure level of corporate environmental information on the basis of stakeholder theory, and gives an empirical observation on Chinese listed companies. The corporate environmental...

Regional economic integration in East Asia could promote sustainable development through generating higher incomes on the one hand, but equally it could cause environmental problems and could harm equity in the region. Development of appropriate environmental policies that can both mitigate negative impacts and enhance positive impacts of regional...