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Climate actions by non-Party stakeholders, including companies, have a significant potential to fill the gap in the global emissions reductions trajectory. While accountability of countries as Parties to the Paris Agreement will be ensured under a new ‘transparency framework’ stipulated in Article 13 of the Paris Agreement, accountability of non...

IGES made a proposal of an MRV methodology for the JCM projects which installs solar PV systems to the JCM Joint Committee between Indonesia and Japan. The Joint Committee approved a methodology ID_AM013 Ver1.0 "Installation of Solar PV System" on the basis of this proposal. The attached version (JCM_ID_PM_020) includes three documents: the JCM...

IGES made a proposal of an MRV methodology for the JCM projects which installs solar PV systems to the JCM Joint Committee between Chile and Japan. The Joint Committee approved a methodology CL_AM001 Ver1.0 "Installation of Solar PV System" on the basis of this proposal. The attached version (PM_001) includes three documents: the JCM Proposed...

The advent of very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery and the development of Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) have led to many new opportunities for fine-scale land cover mapping, especially in urban areas. Image segmentation is an important step in the GEOBIA framework, so great time/effort is often spent to ensure that...

The non-economic loss and damages (NELDs) caused by climate-related disasters have not been often considered in most disaster risk assessments and not been reported in most post-disaster reports and databases to the extent they deserve the attention; despite these losses could constitute major proportion of the total loss and damages (L&Ds) of any...

Indicator-based approaches have been used extensively for measuring adaptation. Adopting participatory approaches helps in contextualizing the global level and generic indicators to suit the local-level conditions for measuring adaptation effectiveness. This paper discusses the application of a methodology for identifying a set of adaptation...

This chapter reviews specific institutional mechanisms and drought response and management approaches followed in some of the developed and developing countries including India, Kenya, Australia and United States of America with the purpose of understanding the way the drought is declared and drought responses are made. It is evident from this...

Lack of economic opportunity has been identified as one of the important bottlenecks for achieving development and empowerment as a result of which several financial inclusion projects and programs have been introduced globally in the past several decades. These financial inclusion instruments range between providing cash at hand to invest in...

The City Waste Management Strategy and Action Plan for Mandalay (CWMSAP) gives a long-term vision and guide to Mandalay City Development Committee (MCDC) for its efforts towards transforming from the traditional waste management practices (waste collection and disposal) to more sustainable waste management practices including 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse and...

In object-based image analysis (OBIA), the appropriate parametrization of segmentation algorithms is crucial for obtaining satisfactory image classification results. One of the ways this can be done is by unsupervised segmentation parameter optimization (USPO). A popular USPO method does this through the optimization of a “global score” (GS), which...