Solar photovoltaic (PV) diffusion and synergies with resilience, adaptation, and sustainable development: A case study in Laguna Lake watershed, the Philippines

Solar energy systems, either land- or water-based, have a huge potential for net-zero transition and generate multiple co-benefits despite the possible risks of not being designed or installed properly. Existing literature has revealed both positive and negative impacts of solar photovoltaic (PV) from the viewpoints of engineering design, energy system's stability, environment, and socio-economic aspects. However, little has been known about solar PV's multi-dimensional impacts on resilience of local farmers and fishermen under climate change. To fill this gap, this paper assessed the kinds of positive and negative impacts on resilience that could be generated by land- and water-based solar systems and how various policies could be harmonised to synergise solar energy diffusion, resilience, adaptation, and more broadly, sustainable development.