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The European Union’s Emission Trading System (EU-ETS) is currently the world’s largest market for trading greenhouse gas (GHG) emission allowances (also referred to as permits or credits), and is the EU’s ‘flagship’ climate change mitigation policy. However, in its first eight years the EU-ETS has not been the driver of domestic EU climate change...

It has been widely regarded that policies and institutions that are adaptive in nature are better able to deal with the dynamic issues such as environmental degradation and climate change adaptation. However, verifying the veracity of this hypothesis is difficult often due to absence of long experience in climate change adaptation in most countries...

The ongoing negotiations for the future climate regime have clearly indicated the need for both the developed and developing countries to work together in enhancing the adaptation to climate change. While much of the climate change adaptation debate has long been focused on the developing countries, little emphasis has been made on the need for...

Discussions on how to define, design, and implement sustainable development goals (SDG) have taken center stage in the United Nations since the Rio+20 summit. Energy is one of the issues that enjoyed consensus, before and after Rio, as an important area for SDGs to address. Many proposals have been put forward on how SDGs should be formulated and...

The Kyoto Protocol required only developed countries to reduce their emissions but did not require developing countries to do so, and this created an asymmetric condition for developed and developing countries to implement domestic climate policies. Implementing a domestic climate policy in developed countries, such as an emission trading system or...

Agriculture plays an important role in the national economy and food security of Indonesia. Increasing food production, while not adversely impacting the climate and local environment, is a challenge to be met. Indonesia has set an economy-wide emission reduction target of 20%. This would require rapid and substantial scaling up of mitigation...

This thought notes talks about measures required to kick-start the agriculture in the Great Tohoku Earthquake and Fukushima related radiation release affected areas with special emphasis on radiation safety while considering the other forms of damages such as salinity and physical damage to the agriculture infrastructure. The strategy is in essence...