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This paper explores the current understanding regarding the Circulating and Ecological Economy (CEE) and the Regional/Local CES concepts put forward by Japan’s Fifth Basic Environment Plan. The CEE and the Regional/Local CES advance a low-carbon, self-reliant, and decentralised society based on living in harmony with nature. The Regional/Local CES...

Global environmental change, the depletion of natural resources, and unacceptable levels of pollution, among other anthropogenic impacts on the planet and its ecosystems, demand a radical shift in the way humankind develops. Global agreements like the “2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” or the “Paris Agreement on Climate Change” seek to...

Urban and rural areas within a regional space are closely linked through a variety of linkages including the flow of people. The increasing pace of development transformations with discrete planning of urban and rural areas has raised serious concerns for achieving coordinated development at the regional level. In that regard, the concept of...

A city region is a unit comprising an urban core and surrounding peri-urban and, occasionally, rural areas. The Regional Circulating and Ecological Sphere (R-CES) proposed by the Japanese government is a guiding approach for policymaking that prioritises the harmonised flow of resources between urban and rural areas, low-carbon society, circular...

Considering the current shortfalls in timely realization of the targets set as per the UN-2030 Agenda, there is a genuine need for new approaches to integrate diverse policies and actions, in order to realize a more liveable, just and ecologically sustainable future. Correspondingly, CES has recently emerged as an integrated approach for...

IGES in partnership with the START International, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT, Thailand), Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT, India) and Thammasat University (TU, Thailand) convened a learning and reflection workshop on climate and sustainable development actions in Asian city-regions (from 17-19 January 2024), to explore...

IGES and Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) conducted the Regional-CES Scoping Project to assess the potential of promoting the Regional-CES concept in Asia. The scoping project organised workshops to engage key national and local stakeholders in the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia. This is the commissioned report summarising...

The 15th Annual Meeting of the Science and Technology in Society forum was held at the Kyoto International Conference Center from 7 to 9 October, 2018. The forum focused on lights and shadows of science and technology, and brought together global leaders in academia, industry and government from around 80 countries and regions, encouraging them to...

Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) are non-material benefits that are indispensable for the health and well-being of communities. CES are often spatially explicit and fluctuate according to the knowledge, beliefs, and perception of users of the location. Therefore, understanding the spatial patterns of CES perceived by people from different...

Urban and rural areas both depend on a shared stock of natural resources. However, their development planning is mostly focused within their established boundaries. This report is an effort to bring together innovative methods of integrating urban and rural stakeholders to manage shared natural resources. The report looks at seven different case...