Loss and Damage

Climate change adaptation and loss and damage associated with climate change impacts are often confused at the practical level. These two concepts developed through negotiations under the UNFCCC mechanisms with certain political backgrounds, and they have been discussed separately since the Paris Agreement was adopted. However, apart from...

Key messages: 1. Climate change results in substantial loss and damage to societies and natural systems when it is not mitigated by reducing greenhouse gas emissions or averted through adaptation. Loss of life, extinction of species and ecosystem destruction are a few of the irreversible repercussions already attributed to unabated climate change...

Globally, mangroves have been promoted to protect the coastal ecosystems and human settlements against weather vagaries including climate change impacts. However, climate change can also affect the mangrove ecosystems, affecting their ability to mitigate losses and damages caused by climate change. Recognizing the need to understand the impact of...

Just like adaptation, L&D has grown into an extensive science and policy area and things are very complicated even for the researchers to take a stock of it and to provide solutions. A large part of this confusion is coming from the disjoint between the global negotiations and at the national level. While at the ground level, most L&D solutions are...

▶ In the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), loss and damage has emerged as a third key pillar of climate policy, alongside mitigation and adaptation, to address ever-increasing climate impacts in developing countries that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effect of climate change. ▶ Losses and damages arise...

Avoiding disasters is an interesting and helpful idea to understand where we have made progress in risk reduction and where we can make further inroads. This presentation looks at the idea of avoiding disasters deeply and discusses the needed approaches to quantify and bring evidence to the front. It proposes that while evidence on avoiding...

The Hindu Kush Himalayan region is one of the highly significant mountainous regions that play a crucial role beyond its boundaries in terms of people's well-being by providing a range of ecosystem services. The HKH region is facing severe climate change impacts and adaptation in the region needs to take an approach that considers the multi-hazard...

Observed surface air temperature has increased in the 20th century all over Asia (high confidence1). Asian countries are experiencing a hotter summer climate, resulting in an increase in energy demand for cooling at a rapid rate, together with population growth (high confidence). A decrease in precipitation influences energy demand as well, as...

英国グラスゴーで開催された国連気候変動枠組条約第26回締約国会議（COP26）においては、気候変動の影響による損失と損害（ロス＆ダメージ）の議論が例年以上に注目を集めた。 カバー合意である「グラスゴー気候合意」は、気候変動がすでに損失や損害を引き起こしており、今後もその傾向が強まること、そしてこれまで以上に大きな社会的、経済的、環境的な脅威となることへの認識が盛り込まれ、国際社会としてこの課題に真摯に取り組む決意を新たにしたといえよう 。 こうした進捗は、長きにわたる交渉を経て、「損失と損害」は「緩和」「適応」に続く、気候変動対策の第三の柱として認識され 、緩やかながらも着実に進展を見せてきた成果だと捉えられる。しかし、この背景には、損失と損害に関する国際交渉における先進国...

2020年以降の気候変動対策を定めたパリ協定において 、適応は緩和に並ぶ気候変動対策の柱として位置づけられている。2021年11月に開催される国連気候変動枠組条約第26回締約国会議（COP26）の議長国である英国は、適応分野への取組を重要課題として位置づけ、COP26を通じた適応の国際モメンタムをけん引している。本稿では、COP26における適応関連の議論のポイントを整理するとともに、英国政府が主導で推進する４つの適応に関連する国際イニシアティブについて解説し、国際的な適応の動きについて包括的な情報の整理を試みる。 Climate change adaptation is positioned as a pillar of the Paris Agreement along with...