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This case study report examines the establishment and evolution of plastic waste recycling under two different operational modalities in urban areas of Sri Lanka; 1) single municipal operation, and 2) PPP (Public Private Partnership) based operation. This report provides an analysis of each modality in terms of effectiveness, technical feasibility...

Understanding Myanmar’s solid waste systems presents a challenge for anyone working in the sector. While waste collection and disposal challenges faced by Myanmar’s cities and towns share similarities, strategies to overcome them evolve locally and are often not well-communicated between different local government bodies. Data on the country’s...

Nationally determined contributions (NDCs) are at the heart of the Paris Agreement and the achievement of these long-term goals. NDCs embody efforts by each country to reduce national emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. The Paris Agreement requires each Party to prepare, communicate and maintain successive NDCs that it intends to...

This report identifies a range of possibilities. It does so by pointing out domestic and international issues that are the driving forces for social change, and referring to strategies and roadmaps put forward by governments and a range of organisations. This report summarises how these issues bring about social change and affect resource and...

Many decision makers are contemplating whether policies and investments made in the wake of COVID-19 are inclusive, resilient and sustainable enough to bring about a course change in development . T his paper outlines the design features of framework that helps policymakers steer a more inclusive, resilient and sustainable course. What the...

This paper highlights the challenges for realising Japan's long-term strategy (LTS) for decarbonisation, also referred to as the mid-century strategy (MCS), and the role of scenario analysis in the formulation and strengthening of this strategy.　Although the government of Japan declared on 26 October 2020 to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to...

The Satoyama Initiative is endorsed by the decision of the Tenth Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP 10) in 2010. It is a global effort with the vision to “realize societies in harmony with nature” through promotion and conservation of “socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes” (SEPLS). The...

Primary production, including agriculture, aquaculture, forestry and fisheries is the strongest driver of biodiversity loss globally. It can, however, contribute to biodiversity conservation if wisely managed such as in ‘Satoyama’ and ‘Satoumi’, or socio-ecological production landscapes and seascapes (SEPLS), where production activities support...

In fast-growing coastal cities, dependable public transport, diversity of modes, and social inclusion are among several factors that contribute to resilient transport. However, these factors depend critically on whether key ridership segments are aware of the benefits of public transport. This article describes the effects of an awareness raising...

“Just Transition” is an important, brand new concept to implement policies towards decarbonisation of the power sector in Japan. However, a knowledge gap still remains between this concept and policy discussion at a practical level. Therefore, using the existing scenarios of decarbonisation of the power sector and employment factors for the power...