Simulating Climatic Patterns and Their Impacts on the Food Security Stability System in Jammu, Kashmir and Adjoining Regions, India

This study investigated the historical climate data and future projections under the SSP5-8.5
scenario for Jammu, Kashmir (J&K), and its adjoining regions in India. Agriculture is a critical
economic pillar of this region, making it highly vulnerable to climate change. This study focused on
temperature and precipitation trends. Statistical analysis and modeling methods, including cloud
computing, were employed to predict changes and assess their impact on agricultural productivity
and water resources. The results indicated that by 2100, the mean maximum and minimum temperatures
are projected to increase by approximately 2.90 ◦C and 2.86 ◦C, respectively. Precipitation
variability is expected to rise, with a mean increase of 2.64 × 10−6 mm per day. These changes have
significant consequences for crop yield, water stress, and ecosystem dynamics. An analysis of Gross
Primary Productivity (GPP) as a proxy for agricultural productivity using linear regression revealed
a concerning trend. Although the total GPP of the study area remained stable over time, it declined
by −570 g yr−1 in 2010, coinciding with a 1 ◦C temperature rise. Projections based on the expected
3 ◦C temperature increase by 2100 suggest a total GPP loss of −2500 g yr−1. These findings highlight
the urgent need for proactive adaptation measures, including sustainable agricultural practices,
improved water management, and enhanced socioeconomic infrastructure, to mitigate the impact of
climate change and ensure long-term resilience and food security in the region.